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# CRI-O

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CRI-O is an OCI-based implementation of the Kubernetes Container Runtime Interface. As such, it is one of the container runtimes that can be used with a node of a Kubernetes cluster.

## Installation

Install the cri-o package.

The package will set the system up to load the `overlay` and `br_netfilter` modules and set the following sysctl options:

    net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
    net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
    net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1

To use CRI-O without a reboot, make sure to load the modules and configure the sysctl values accordingly.

## Configuration

CRI-O is configured via `/etc/crio/crio.conf` or via drop-in configuration files in `/etc/crio/crio.conf.d/`.

### Network

#### Plugin installation

CRI-O can make use of container networking as provided by cni-plugins, or plugins installed with in-cluster deployments such as weave, flannel, calico, etc.

#### Plugin directories

Arch installs the plugins provided by cni-plugins to both `/usr/lib/cni` and `/opt/cni/bin`, but most other plugins (e.g. in-cluster deployments, kubelet managed plugins, etc.) by default only install to the second directory. CRI-O is only configured to look for plugins in the first directory, and as a result, any plugins in the second directory are unavailable without some configuration changes.

This may present itself as a non-working network and an entry in the CRI-O logs similar to the following error:

    Error validating CNI config file /etc/cni/net.d/<plugin-config-file>.conf: [failed to find plugin "<plugin>" in path [/usr/lib/cni/]]

There are two solutions available to resolve this: either have each of the other systems changed to use `/usr/lib/cni` instead, or update CRI-O to use the latter directory instead of the first. The second solution can be achieved with a drop-in configuration file:

    /etc/crio/crio.conf.d/00-plugin-dir.conf

    [crio.network]
    plugin_dirs = [
      "/opt/cni/bin/",
    ]

As this is an array, you can also set both or any other directories here as possible plugin locations.

#### Plugin configuration

Copy one of the examples from `/usr/share/doc/cri-o/examples/cni/` to `/etc/cni/net.d` and modify it as needed.

### Storage

By default, CRI-O makes use of the `overlay` driver as its `storage_driver` for the container storage in `/var/lib/containers/storage/`. However, it can also be configured to use Btrfs or ZFS natively by changing the `driver` in containers-storage.conf(5):

    /etc/containers/storage.conf

    [storage]
    driver = "btrfs"

### Runtime

The cri-o package depends on the oci-runtime virtual package, which selects crun by default using lexicographic ordering.

However, CRI-O makes use of the runc container runtime by default. Either install the runc package explicitly, or configure crun as the container runtime by adding the following drop-in configuration file:

    /etc/crio/crio.conf.d/01-crun.conf

    [crio.runtime]
    default_runtime = "crun"

    [crio.runtime.runtimes.crun]
    runtime_path = "/usr/bin/crun"
    runtime_type = "oci"
    runtime_root = "/run/crun"

## Running

Start and enable the `crio.service` systemd unit.

## Testing

Use `crio status` like this:

    # crio status info

    cgroup driver: systemd
    storage driver: overlay
    storage graph root: /var/lib/containers/storage
    storage image:
    default GID mappings (format <container>:<host>:<size>):
      0:0:4294967295
    default UID mappings (format <container>:<host>:<size>):
      0:0:4294967295

and:

    # crio status config

Now install the crictl package, and see e.g. https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/crictl/ or https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cri-tools/blob/master/docs/crictl.md, or simply:

    # source <(crictl completion bash)

    # crictl pull index.docker.io/busybox
    # crictl pull quay.io/prometheus/busybox
    # crictl images

    # curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes-sigs/cri-tools/master/docs/examples/podsandbox-config.yaml
    # curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes-sigs/cri-tools/master/docs/examples/container-config.yaml
    # crictl run container-config.yaml podsandbox-config.yaml

    # crictl logs $(crictl ps --last 1 --output yaml | yq -r .containers[0].id)
    # crictl exec -it $(crictl ps --last 1 --output yaml | yq -r .containers[0].id) /bin/sh

    # crictl rm -af
    # crictl rmp -af

Note how Docker Hub is not hard-coded, so specify container registry explicitly. (See also https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cri-tools/pull/718.)

## See also

- CRI-O on Github - CRI-O repository on Github
- CRI-O Website - The official CRI-O website

Category:

- Virtualization

CRI-O
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