nix-profiles(5)

  Profiles

A directory that contains links to profiles managed by nix-env (https://nix.dev/manual/nix/2.34/command-ref/nix-env.html) and nix profile (https://nix.dev/manual/nix/2.34/command-ref/new-cli/nix3-profile.html) :

•   $XDG_STATE_HOME/nix/profiles for regular users

•   $NIX_STATE_DIR/profiles/per-user/root if the user is root

A profile is a directory of symlinks to files in the Nix store.

  Filesystem layout

Profiles are versioned as follows. When using a profile named path, path is a symlink to path-N-link, where N is the version of the profile. In turn, path-N-link is a symlink to a path in the Nix store. For example:

    $ ls -l ~alice/.local/state/nix/profiles/profile*
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 alice users 14 Nov 25 14:35 /home/alice/.local/state/nix/profiles/profile -> profile-7-link
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 alice users 51 Oct 28 16:18 /home/alice/.local/state/nix/profiles/profile-5-link -> /nix/store/q69xad13ghpf7ir87h0b2gd28lafjj1j-profile
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 alice users 51 Oct 29 13:20 /home/alice/.local/state/nix/profiles/profile-6-link -> /nix/store/6bvhpysd7vwz7k3b0pndn7ifi5xr32dg-profile
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 alice users 51 Nov 25 14:35 /home/alice/.local/state/nix/profiles/profile-7-link -> /nix/store/mp0x6xnsg0b8qhswy6riqvimai4gm677-profile

Each of these symlinks is a root for the Nix garbage collector.

The contents of the store path corresponding to each version of the profile is a tree of symlinks to the files of the installed packages, e.g.

    $ ll -R ~eelco/.local/state/nix/profiles/profile-7-link/
    /home/eelco/.local/state/nix/profiles/profile-7-link/:
    total 20
    dr-xr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jan  1  1970 bin
    -r--r--r-- 2 root root 1402 Jan  1  1970 manifest.nix
    dr-xr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Jan  1  1970 share
    /home/eelco/.local/state/nix/profiles/profile-7-link/bin:
    total 20
    lrwxrwxrwx 5 root root 79 Jan  1  1970 chromium -> /nix/store/cyxny9d1zjb9l9103fr6j6kavp3bqjxf-chromium-86.0.4240.111/bin/chromium
    lrwxrwxrwx 7 root root 87 Jan  1  1970 spotify -> /nix/store/w9182874m1bl56smps3m5zjj36jhp3rn-spotify-1.1.26.501.gbe11e53b-15/bin/spotify
    lrwxrwxrwx 3 root root 79 Jan  1  1970 zoom-us -> /nix/store/wbhg2ga8f3h87s9h5k0slxk0m81m4cxl-zoom-us-5.3.469451.0927/bin/zoom-us
    /home/eelco/.local/state/nix/profiles/profile-7-link/share/applications:
    total 12
    lrwxrwxrwx 4 root root 120 Jan  1  1970 chromium-browser.desktop -> /nix/store/sqzyx2l85i6j2a77pnyvglh3bvzwmjjp-chromium-unwrapped-86.0.4240.111/share/applications/chromium-browser.desktop
    lrwxrwxrwx 7 root root 110 Jan  1  1970 spotify.desktop -> /nix/store/w9182874m1bl56smps3m5zjj36jhp3rn-spotify-1.1.26.501.gbe11e53b-15/share/applications/spotify.desktop
    lrwxrwxrwx 3 root root 107 Jan  1  1970 us.zoom.Zoom.desktop -> /nix/store/wbhg2ga8f3h87s9h5k0slxk0m81m4cxl-zoom-us-5.3.469451.0927/share/applications/us.zoom.Zoom.desktop
    …

Each profile version contains a manifest file: - manifest.nix (https://nix.dev/manual/nix/2.34/command-ref/files/manifest.nix.html) used by nix-env (https://nix.dev/manual/nix/2.34/command-ref/nix-env.html) . - manifest.json (https://nix.dev/manual/nix/2.34/command-ref/files/manifest.json.html) used by nix profile (https://nix.dev/manual/nix/2.34/command-ref/new-cli/nix3-profile.html) (experimental).

  User profile link

A symbolic link to the user’s current profile:

•   ~/.nix-profile

•   $XDG_STATE_HOME/nix/profile if use-xdg-base-directories (https://nix.dev/manual/nix/2.34/command-ref/conf-file.html#conf-use-xdg-base-directories) is set to true.

By default, this symlink points to:

•   $XDG_STATE_HOME/nix/profiles/profile for regular users

•   $NIX_STATE_DIR/profiles/per-user/root/profile for root

The PATH environment variable should include /bin subdirectory of the profile link (e.g. ~/.nix-profile/bin) for the user environment to be visible to the user. The installer (https://nix.dev/manual/nix/2.34/installation/installing-binary.html) sets this up by default, unless you enable use-xdg-base-directories (https://nix.dev/manual/nix/2.34/command-ref/conf-file.html#conf-use-xdg-base-directories) .